SanteMusiqueV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000213

Nails Analysis for Drugs Used in the Context of Chemsex: A Pilot Study.

Identifieur interne : 000213 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000212; suivant : 000214

Nails Analysis for Drugs Used in the Context of Chemsex: A Pilot Study.

Auteurs : Francesco Paolo Busard [Italie] ; Massimo Gottardi [Italie] ; Roberta Pacifici [Italie] ; Maria Rosaria Varì [Italie] ; Anastasio Tini [Italie] ; Anna Rita Volpe [Italie] ; Raffaele Giorgetti [Italie] ; Simona Pichini [Italie]

Source :

Journal of analytical toxicology [ 1945-2403 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:30855673

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Amfétamine (MeSH), Chromatographie en phase liquide (MeSH), Cocaïne (analogues et dérivés), Dronabinol (analyse), Détection d'abus de substances (méthodes), Extraction en phase solide (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Hydroxy-butyrates (MeSH), Ongles (composition chimique), Poils (composition chimique), Psychoanaleptiques (analyse), Toxicologie médicolégale (MeSH).
MESH :
- analogues et dérivés : Cocaïne.
- analyse : Dronabinol, Psychoanaleptiques.
- composition chimique : Ongles, Poils.
- méthodes : Détection d'abus de substances.
- Amfétamine, Chromatographie en phase liquide, Extraction en phase solide, Humains, Hydroxy-butyrates, Toxicologie médicolégale.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Amphetamine (MeSH), Chromatography, Liquid (MeSH), Cocaine (analogs & derivatives), Dronabinol (analysis), Forensic Toxicology (MeSH), Hair (chemistry), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxybutyrates (MeSH), Illicit Drugs (analysis), Nails (chemistry), Psychotropic Drugs (analysis), Solid Phase Extraction (MeSH), Substance Abuse Detection (methods).
MESH :
- chemical , analogs & derivatives : Cocaine.
- chemical , analysis : Dronabinol, Illicit Drugs, Psychotropic Drugs.
- chemical : Amphetamine, Hydroxybutyrates.
- chemistry : Hair, Nails.
- methods : Substance Abuse Detection.
- Chromatography, Liquid, Forensic Toxicology, Humans, Solid Phase Extraction.

Abstract

Nail analysis can be performed as a substitute or complement to hair analysis for the retrospective determination of psychotropic drugs consumption in forensic contexts. The application of nail analysis in a "chemsex" context is reported herein. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify the most common drugs of abuse, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones and GHB in fingernails and toenails of individuals presumptively using these drugs in music and sex settings. Results were compared to the concentrations measured in hair. Nail and hair keratin matrices were digested with VMA-TM3® buffer reagent and underwent a solid phase extraction before chromatographic separation with reversed phase columns and a linear gradient elution with 5 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile, for detecting classic drugs of abuse, or 0.1% formic acid and methanol, for detecting synthetic cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, and GHB. Analytes were detected with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode after positive electrospray ionization. Nails of individuals practicing "chemsex" contained at least three different psychoactive drugs, and up to eight drugs simultaneously. Identified drugs included cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, ketamine, norketamine, mephedrone, methylone, 4-methyletcathinone, methcathinone, γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-butyrolactone. Most used drugs were MDMA and GHB followed by cocaine and ketamine. Drugs concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 690 ng/mg in fingernails. In the two individuals who also provided toenails, concentrations were always higher in fingernails than in toenails, while in two other individuals who donated also hair, concentrations in this latter matrix were either higher or lower than those measured in fingernails. This study demonstrated that nails may well represent an appropriate non-conventional biological matrix to provide additional information in forensic toxicology.

DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkz009
PubMed: 30855673

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

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Le document en format XML

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<term>Chromatography, Liquid (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cocaine (analogs & derivatives)</term>
<term>Dronabinol (analysis)</term>
<term>Forensic Toxicology (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hair (chemistry)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydroxybutyrates (MeSH)</term>
<term>Illicit Drugs (analysis)</term>
<term>Nails (chemistry)</term>
<term>Psychotropic Drugs (analysis)</term>
<term>Solid Phase Extraction (MeSH)</term>
<term>Substance Abuse Detection (methods)</term>
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<term>Chromatographie en phase liquide (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cocaïne (analogues et dérivés)</term>
<term>Dronabinol (analyse)</term>
<term>Détection d'abus de substances (méthodes)</term>
<term>Extraction en phase solide (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydroxy-butyrates (MeSH)</term>
<term>Ongles (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Poils (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Psychoanaleptiques (analyse)</term>
<term>Toxicologie médicolégale (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Illicit Drugs</term>
<term>Psychotropic Drugs</term>
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<term>Poils</term>
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<term>Chromatographie en phase liquide</term>
<term>Extraction en phase solide</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Nail analysis can be performed as a substitute or complement to hair analysis for the retrospective determination of psychotropic drugs consumption in forensic contexts. The application of nail analysis in a "chemsex" context is reported herein. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify the most common drugs of abuse, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones and GHB in fingernails and toenails of individuals presumptively using these drugs in music and sex settings. Results were compared to the concentrations measured in hair. Nail and hair keratin matrices were digested with VMA-TM3® buffer reagent and underwent a solid phase extraction before chromatographic separation with reversed phase columns and a linear gradient elution with 5 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile, for detecting classic drugs of abuse, or 0.1% formic acid and methanol, for detecting synthetic cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, and GHB. Analytes were detected with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode after positive electrospray ionization. Nails of individuals practicing "chemsex" contained at least three different psychoactive drugs, and up to eight drugs simultaneously. Identified drugs included cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, ketamine, norketamine, mephedrone, methylone, 4-methyletcathinone, methcathinone, γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-butyrolactone. Most used drugs were MDMA and GHB followed by cocaine and ketamine. Drugs concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 690 ng/mg in fingernails. In the two individuals who also provided toenails, concentrations were always higher in fingernails than in toenails, while in two other individuals who donated also hair, concentrations in this latter matrix were either higher or lower than those measured in fingernails. This study demonstrated that nails may well represent an appropriate non-conventional biological matrix to provide additional information in forensic toxicology.</div>
</front>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
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<Title>Journal of analytical toxicology</Title>
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<ArticleTitle>Nails Analysis for Drugs Used in the Context of Chemsex: A Pilot Study.</ArticleTitle>
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<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/jat/bkz009</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Nail analysis can be performed as a substitute or complement to hair analysis for the retrospective determination of psychotropic drugs consumption in forensic contexts. The application of nail analysis in a "chemsex" context is reported herein. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify the most common drugs of abuse, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones and GHB in fingernails and toenails of individuals presumptively using these drugs in music and sex settings. Results were compared to the concentrations measured in hair. Nail and hair keratin matrices were digested with VMA-TM3® buffer reagent and underwent a solid phase extraction before chromatographic separation with reversed phase columns and a linear gradient elution with 5 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile, for detecting classic drugs of abuse, or 0.1% formic acid and methanol, for detecting synthetic cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, and GHB. Analytes were detected with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode after positive electrospray ionization. Nails of individuals practicing "chemsex" contained at least three different psychoactive drugs, and up to eight drugs simultaneously. Identified drugs included cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, ketamine, norketamine, mephedrone, methylone, 4-methyletcathinone, methcathinone, γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-butyrolactone. Most used drugs were MDMA and GHB followed by cocaine and ketamine. Drugs concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 690 ng/mg in fingernails. In the two individuals who also provided toenails, concentrations were always higher in fingernails than in toenails, while in two other individuals who donated also hair, concentrations in this latter matrix were either higher or lower than those measured in fingernails. This study demonstrated that nails may well represent an appropriate non-conventional biological matrix to provide additional information in forensic toxicology.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Busardò</LastName>
<ForeName>Francesco Paolo</ForeName>
<Initials>FP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Section of Legal Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Conca 41, 60126 Torrette di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gottardi</LastName>
<ForeName>Massimo</ForeName>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Comedical S.r.L. Trento, Va della Cooperazione 29, 38123 Trento, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<ForeName>Roberta</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.Le Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Varì</LastName>
<ForeName>Maria Rosaria</ForeName>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.Le Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<ForeName>Anastasio</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
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</AffiliationInfo>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Volpe</LastName>
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</AffiliationInfo>
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<ForeName>Raffaele</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Section of Legal Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Conca 41, 60126 Torrette di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pichini</LastName>
<ForeName>Simona</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.Le Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country>
<MedlineTA>J Anal Toxicol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>7705085</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0146-4760</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D006885">Hydroxybutyrates</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D013287">Illicit Drugs</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D011619">Psychotropic Drugs</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>30IW36W5B2</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C111420">4-hydroxybutyric acid</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>5353I8I6YS</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C005618">benzoylecgonine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>7J8897W37S</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D013759">Dronabinol</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>CK833KGX7E</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000661">Amphetamine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>FJO3071W5Y</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C066444">cocaethylene</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>I5Y540LHVR</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D003042">Cocaine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000661" MajorTopicYN="N">Amphetamine</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002853" MajorTopicYN="N">Chromatography, Liquid</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003042" MajorTopicYN="N">Cocaine</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000031" MajorTopicYN="N">analogs & derivatives</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013759" MajorTopicYN="N">Dronabinol</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053593" MajorTopicYN="N">Forensic Toxicology</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006197" MajorTopicYN="N">Hair</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006885" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxybutyrates</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013287" MajorTopicYN="N">Illicit Drugs</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009262" MajorTopicYN="N">Nails</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011619" MajorTopicYN="N">Psychotropic Drugs</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052616" MajorTopicYN="N">Solid Phase Extraction</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015813" MajorTopicYN="N">Substance Abuse Detection</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2018</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>23</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>3</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>4</Month>
<Day>22</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>3</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30855673</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">5374449</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/jat/bkz009</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li>
</country>
<region><li>Latium</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Rome</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Busard, Francesco Paolo" sort="Busard, Francesco Paolo" uniqKey="Busard F" first="Francesco Paolo" last="Busard">Francesco Paolo Busard</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Giorgetti, Raffaele" sort="Giorgetti, Raffaele" uniqKey="Giorgetti R" first="Raffaele" last="Giorgetti">Raffaele Giorgetti</name>
<name sortKey="Gottardi, Massimo" sort="Gottardi, Massimo" uniqKey="Gottardi M" first="Massimo" last="Gottardi">Massimo Gottardi</name>
<name sortKey="Pacifici, Roberta" sort="Pacifici, Roberta" uniqKey="Pacifici R" first="Roberta" last="Pacifici">Roberta Pacifici</name>
<name sortKey="Pichini, Simona" sort="Pichini, Simona" uniqKey="Pichini S" first="Simona" last="Pichini">Simona Pichini</name>
<name sortKey="Tini, Anastasio" sort="Tini, Anastasio" uniqKey="Tini A" first="Anastasio" last="Tini">Anastasio Tini</name>
<name sortKey="Vari, Maria Rosaria" sort="Vari, Maria Rosaria" uniqKey="Vari M" first="Maria Rosaria" last="Varì">Maria Rosaria Varì</name>
<name sortKey="Volpe, Anna Rita" sort="Volpe, Anna Rita" uniqKey="Volpe A" first="Anna Rita" last="Volpe">Anna Rita Volpe</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Nails Analysis for Drugs Used in the Context of Chemsex: A Pilot Study.

Nails Analysis for Drugs Used in the Context of Chemsex: A Pilot Study.

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English descriptors

Abstract

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